Subtracks⇓  Description⇓  Pairwise Alignments Track Settings
 
Human Genomes, Chain/Net pairwise alignments, as mapped by the HPRC project   (All Human Pangenome - HPRC tracks)

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Subpopulation
Gambian
Afr Carib Barbados
Mende Sierra Leone
Yoruba Nigeria
African SW USA
Esan Nigeria
Puerto Rico
Peru Lima
Columbia Medellin
Han SoChina
Vietnam Kinh
Punjabo Pakist
HAPMAP
T2T
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Sample













Sample
HG02622.mat   HG02622.mat
HG02622.pat   HG02622.pat
HG02717.mat   HG02717.mat
HG02630.pat   HG02630.pat
HG02630.mat   HG02630.mat
HG02717.pat   HG02717.pat
HG02572.pat   HG02572.pat
HG02572.mat   HG02572.mat
HG02886.mat   HG02886.mat
HG02886.pat   HG02886.pat
HG03540.mat   HG03540.mat
HG03540.pat   HG03540.pat
HG02818.pat   HG02818.pat
HG02818.mat   HG02818.mat
HG02723.mat   HG02723.mat
HG02723.pat   HG02723.pat
HG02257.pat   HG02257.pat
HG02257.mat   HG02257.mat
HG02559.pat   HG02559.pat
HG02559.mat   HG02559.mat
HG02486.pat   HG02486.pat
HG02486.mat   HG02486.mat
HG01891.mat   HG01891.mat
HG01891.pat   HG01891.pat
HG02109.mat   HG02109.mat
HG02055.pat   HG02055.pat
HG02109.pat   HG02109.pat
HG02055.mat   HG02055.mat
HG02145.mat   HG02145.mat
HG02145.pat   HG02145.pat
HG03579.mat   HG03579.mat
HG03579.pat   HG03579.pat
HG03453.mat   HG03453.mat
HG03453.pat   HG03453.pat
HG03486.pat   HG03486.pat
HG03486.mat   HG03486.mat
HG03098.pat   HG03098.pat
HG03098.mat   HG03098.mat
NA18906.mat   NA18906.mat
NA18906.pat   NA18906.pat
NA20129.pat   NA20129.pat
NA20129.mat   NA20129.mat
HG03516.pat   HG03516.pat
HG03516.mat   HG03516.mat
HG01175.pat   HG01175.pat
HG01106.pat   HG01106.pat
HG01175.mat   HG01175.mat
HG00741.mat   HG00741.mat
HG00741.pat   HG00741.pat
HG01106.mat   HG01106.mat
HG01071.mat   HG01071.mat
HG00735.pat   HG00735.pat
HG01071.pat   HG01071.pat
HG00735.mat   HG00735.mat
HG01243.pat   HG01243.pat
HG01109.mat   HG01109.mat
HG01243.mat   HG01243.mat
HG01109.pat   HG01109.pat
HG00733.pat   HG00733.pat
HG00733.mat   HG00733.mat
HG02148.pat   HG02148.pat
HG02148.mat   HG02148.mat
HG01952.mat   HG01952.mat
HG01952.pat   HG01952.pat
HG01928.mat   HG01928.mat
HG01928.pat   HG01928.pat
HG01978.pat   HG01978.pat
HG01978.mat   HG01978.mat
HG01258.mat   HG01258.mat
HG01123.mat   HG01123.mat
HG01258.pat   HG01258.pat
HG01361.mat   HG01361.mat
HG01123.pat   HG01123.pat
HG01361.pat   HG01361.pat
HG01358.mat   HG01358.mat
HG01358.pat   HG01358.pat
HG00438.mat   HG00438.mat
HG00673.mat   HG00673.mat
HG00621.pat   HG00621.pat
HG00673.pat   HG00673.pat
HG00438.pat   HG00438.pat
HG00621.mat   HG00621.mat
HG02080.pat   HG02080.pat
HG02080.mat   HG02080.mat
NA21309.pat   NA21309.pat
T2T-CHM13v2.0   T2T-CHM13v2.0
HG03492.pat   HG03492.pat
HG03492.mat   HG03492.mat
Sample













Sample
 All
Subpopulation
Gambian
Afr Carib Barbados
Mende Sierra Leone
Yoruba Nigeria
African SW USA
Esan Nigeria
Puerto Rico
Peru Lima
Columbia Medellin
Han SoChina
Vietnam Kinh
Punjabo Pakist
HAPMAP
T2T
Subpopulation
All 
List subtracks: only selected/visible    all    (2 of 176 selected)  Top⇑
  Subpopulation↓1 Population↓2 Haplotype↓3 Sample↓4   Track Name↓5  
 
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 Gambian  African  maternal  HG02622.mat  HG02622.mat HG02622.pri.mat.f1_v2 (May 2021 GCA_018469875.1_HG02622.pri.mat.f1_v2) HPRC project computed Chain Nets   Data format 
 
hide
 Configure
 Gambian  African  maternal  HG02622.mat  HG02622.mat HG02622.pri.mat.f1_v2 (May 2021 GCA_018469875.1_HG02622.pri.mat.f1_v2) HPRC project computed Chained Alignments   Data format 
    2 of 176 selected
Assembly: Human Dec. 2013 (GRCh38/hg38)

Description

This track shows regions of the human genome that are alignable to other Homo sapiens genomes. The alignable parts are shown with thick blocks that look like exons. Non-alignable parts between these are shown with thin lines like introns. More description on this display can be found below.

Other assemblies included in this track are from the HPRC project.

Display Conventions and Configuration

Chain Track

The chain track shows alignments of the human genome to other Homo sapiens genomes using a gap scoring system that allows longer gaps than traditional affine gap scoring systems. It can also tolerate gaps in both source and target assemblies simultaneously. These "double-sided" gaps can be caused by local inversions and overlapping deletions in both species.

The chain track displays boxes joined together by either single or double lines. The boxes represent aligning regions. Single lines indicate gaps that are largely due to a deletion in the query assembly or an insertion in the target assembly. assembly. Double lines represent more complex gaps that involve substantial sequence in both species. This may result from inversions, overlapping deletions, an abundance of local mutation, or an unsequenced gap in one species. In cases where multiple chains align over a particular region of the target genome, the chains with single-lined gaps are often due to processed pseudogenes, while chains with double-lined gaps are more often due to paralogs and unprocessed pseudogenes.

In the "pack" and "full" display modes, the individual feature names indicate the chromosome, strand, and location (in thousands) of the match for each matching alignment.

By default, the chains to chromosome-based assemblies are colored based on which chromosome they map to in the aligning organism. To turn off the coloring, check the "off" button next to: Color track based on chromosome.

To display only the chains of one chromosome in the aligning organism, enter the name of that chromosome (e.g. chr4) in box next to: Filter by chromosome.

Methods

The bigChain files were obtained from the HPRC S3 bucket (Amazon Web Services). For more information about how the bigChain files were generated, please refer to the HPRC publication below.

Credits

Thank you to Glenn Hickey for providing the HAL file from the HPRC project.

References

Liao WW, Asri M, Ebler J, Doerr D, Haukness M, Hickey G, Lu S, Lucas JK, Monlong J, Abel HJ et al. A draft human pangenome reference. Nature. 2023 May;617(7960):312-324. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05896-x; PMID: 37165242; PMC: PMC10172123

Hickey G, Monlong J, Ebler J, Novak AM, Eizenga JM, Gao Y, Human Pangenome Reference Consortium, Marschall T, Li H, Paten B. Pangenome graph construction from genome alignments with Minigraph-Cactus. Nat Biotechnol. 2023 May 10;. DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-01793-w; PMID: 37165083; PMC: PMC10638906

Armstrong J, Hickey G, Diekhans M, Fiddes IT, Novak AM, Deran A, Fang Q, Xie D, Feng S, Stiller J et al. Progressive Cactus is a multiple-genome aligner for the thousand-genome era. Nature. 2020 Nov;587(7833):246-251. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2871-y; PMID: 33177663; PMC: PMC7673649

Paten B, Earl D, Nguyen N, Diekhans M, Zerbino D, Haussler D. Cactus: Algorithms for genome multiple sequence alignment. Genome Res. 2011 Sep;21(9):1512-28. DOI: 10.1101/gr.123356.111; PMID: 21665927; PMC: PMC3166836

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