The subtracks of this track show mutations that lead to escape from patient serum antibodies or monoclonal antibodies. Most of the mutations assayed were in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the S protein. The data shown here were imported from different studies, listed below. The Bloom lab papers used deep mutational scanning data to measure the effect of all possible mutations in the Spike RBD using a yeast surface display system.

1. Bloom lab - patients A-K: antibodies in sera from the Hospitalized or Ambulatory Adults with Respiratory Viral Infections (HAARVI) cohort, described in Greaney et al., Biorxiv 2021.
2. Bloom lab - 10 antibodies: A selection of ten monoclonal antibodies, described in Greaney et al, Cell Host Microbe 2020.
3. Bloom lab - 4 treatment antibodies: Four monoclonal antibodies licensed for treatment. The results were described in Starr et al, Biorxiv 2021.
4. Whelan lab - 21 antibodies: a selection screen of 21 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the receptor binding domain (RBD) generated 48 escape mutants. The results were described in Liu et al, Biorxiv 2020.
5. Rappuoli lab - serum from one patient: three mutations obtained by passaging of cells in neutralizing serum from a single patient, described in Andreano et al, Biorxiv 2021.
6. McCoy lab - mutations tested on monoclonal antibodies and patient sera, described in Rees-Spear et al, Biorxiv 2021.

For the Bloom lab data, we show just a summary of the data. Better and detailed structural visualizations are available from the authors via dms-view using the following links: patient sera, 10 monoclonal antibodies, 4 treatment antibodies.

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