Human Gene SST (ENST00000287641.4_7) from GENCODE V47lift37
  Description: somatostatin (from RefSeq NM_001048.4)
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000287641.4_7
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000157005.4_9
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg19 chr3:187,386,700-187,388,182 Size: 1,483 Total Exon Count: 2 Strand: -
Coding Region
   Position: hg19 chr3:187,386,853-187,388,079 Size: 1,227 Coding Exon Count: 2 

Page IndexSequence and LinksUniProtKB CommentsPrimersMalaCardsCTD
Gene AllelesRNA-Seq ExpressionMicroarray ExpressionRNA StructureProtein StructureOther Species
GO AnnotationsmRNA DescriptionsPathwaysOther NamesModel InformationMethods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2024-08-22 23:36:26

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr3:187,386,700-187,388,182)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (116 aa)
Gene SorterGenome BrowserOther Species FASTAVisiGeneGene interactionsTable Schema
AlphaFoldBioGPSEnsemblEntrez GeneExonPrimerGeneCards
HGNCMalacardsMGIOMIMPubMedReactome
UniProtKBWikipediaBioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: SMS_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Somatostatin; AltName: Full=Growth hormone release-inhibiting factor; Contains: RecName: Full=Somatostatin-28; Contains: RecName: Full=Somatostatin-14; Flags: Precursor;
FUNCTION: Somatostatin inhibits the release of somatotropin.
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.
PHARMACEUTICAL: A synthetic analog known as octreotide or SMS 201- 995 is available under the name Sandostatin (Novartis). It is used for the treatment of a variety of disorders including acromegaly and the symptomatic treatment of carcinoid tumors and vasoactive intestinal peptide tumors.
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the somatostatin family.
WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=Somatostatin entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatostatin";

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

Primer3Plus can design qPCR Primers that straddle exon-exon-junctions, which amplify only cDNA, not genomic DNA.
Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


-  MalaCards Disease Associations
  MalaCards Gene Search: SST
Diseases sorted by gene-association score: islet cell tumor (43), somatostatinoma (37), esophageal varix (35), dumping syndrome (32), neuroendocrine tumor (31), nelson syndrome (30), glucagonoma (28), vipoma (25), functioning pituitary adenoma (25), duodenal somatostatinoma (25), pancreatic somatostatinoma (25), chylothorax, congenital (24), portal hypertension (24), acromegaly (22), pituitary-dependent cushing's disease (22), choledochal cyst (22), gastric antral vascular ectasia (22), duodenum cancer (21), small intestine cancer (21), cerebral lymphoma (20), gastrinoma (20), non-functioning pituitary adenoma (19), insulinoma (18), pancreatic islet cell tumors (18), type c thymoma (18), ascites, chylous (18), secretory diarrhea (17), zollinger-ellison syndrome (17), short bowel syndrome (17), pituitary adenoma (17), postgastrectomy syndrome (17), ectopic cushing syndrome (16), pituitary carcinoma (15), jejunal somatostatinoma (15), gastrointestinal neuroendocrine benign tumor (15), gastric neuroendocrine neoplasm (15), cushing's syndrome (14), pylorospasm (14), duodenal ulcer (14), acidophil adenoma (14), hyperpituitarism (14), acute pancreatitis (13), diarrhea (13), wdha syndrome (13), pituitary tumors (13), cryptosporidiosis (13), carcinoid syndrome (12), endocrine gland cancer (12), cholelithiasis (12), hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (12), pancreatic cancer (12), pancreatic cholera (12), duodenogastric reflux (11), pernicious anemia (11), hyperinsulinism (11), adrenal gland hyperfunction (11), steatorrhea (10), pyloric stenosis (10), pituitary gland disease (10), bronchus adenoma (10), hyperglycemia (10), paraganglioma (10), hyperprolactinemia (10), pituitary adenoma, growth hormone-secreting (10), pituitary adenoma, prolactin-secreting (10), pancreatoblastoma (10), microvascular complications of diabetes 1 (9), medullary thyroid carcinoma, familial (9), serotonin syndrome (9), hyperthyroidism (9), chronic mountain sickness (9), merkel cell carcinoma (9), rasmussen encephalitis (9), pancreatitis (9), pituitary infarct (9), carcinoid tumors, intestinal (9), adenoma (8), binswanger's disease (8), cell type benign neoplasm (8), non-langerhans-cell histiocytosis (8), periampullary adenoma (8), hormone producing pituitary cancer (8), weber syndrome (8), hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (8), multiple endocrine neoplasia 1 (8), diabetic macular edema (7), dyspepsia (7), endocrine pancreas disease (7), chiasmal syndrome (7), pancreas disease (7), encapsulated thymoma (7), postural hypotension (7), functional gastric disease (7), constipation (7), phaeochromocytoma (7), fibrous dysplasia (6), vein disease (6), tsh producing pituitary tumor (6), malignant glandular tumor of peripheral nerve sheath (6), retroperitoneal neuroblastoma (6), angiodysplasia (6), pancreatic endocrine carcinoma (6), hepatic vascular disease (6), postcholecystectomy syndrome (6), endocrine organ benign neoplasm (6), villous adenoma (6), status epilepticus (6), klippel-trenaunay-weber syndrome (6), cortical thymoma (5), meningioma, familial (5), pheochromocytoma (5), adrenal cortex disease (5), adrenal gland disease (5), ampulla of vater neoplasm (5), megalencephaly (5), small cell cancer of the lung, somatic (5), retinitis pigmentosa-40 (5), small intestine neuroendocrine neoplasm (5), orbital plasma cell granuloma (5), organ system benign neoplasm (5), stomach disease (5), prolactin producing pituitary tumor (5), yellow nail syndrome (5), pancreatic gastrinoma (5), hemopneumothorax (5), skull base meningioma (4), diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent (4), pertussis (4), pancreatitis, hereditary (4), pituitary adenoma, acth-secreting (4), liver cirrhosis (4), sudden infant death syndrome (4), mixed ductal-endocrine carcinoma (4), vertebral artery occlusion (4), eye disease (2), insulin-like growth factor i (2), glucose metabolism disease (1), gastrointestinal system disease (1), acquired metabolic disease (1), thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 2 (1), diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent (1)

-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene
  • C530925 1-(2-(1-adamantyl)ethyl)-1-pentyl-3-(3-(4-pyridyl)propyl)urea
  • D002211 Capsaicin
  • D019327 Copper Sulfate
  • D011374 Progesterone
  • D014801 Vitamin A
  • D015032 Zinc
  • C499293 (1'S, 2S)-4-amino-N-(1'-carbamoyl-2'-phenylethyl)-2-(4''-methyl-1''-naphthalenesulfonylamino)butanamide
  • C488795 1,2,3,4,4a,5,10,10a-octahydro-6-methoxy-1-methylbenz(g)quinoline-3-carboxylic acid 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazine amide
  • C028474 1,4-bis(2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy))benzene
  • C111118 2',3,3',4',5-pentachloro-4-hydroxybiphenyl
          more ... click here to view the complete list

+  Common Gene Haplotype Alleles
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 210.38 RPKM in Brain - Hypothalamus
Total median expression: 1014.65 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

+  Microarray Expression Data
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -32.70103-0.317 Picture PostScript Text
3' UTR -13.30153-0.087 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR004250 - Somatostatin
IPR018142 - Somatostatin/Cortistatin_C

Pfam Domains:
PF03002 - Somatostatin/Cortistatin family

Protein Data Bank (PDB) 3-D Structure
MuPIT help
1P2W - Model


ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P61278
FrontTopSide
The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.

-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
No orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo ortholog
Gene DetailsGene Details    
Gene SorterGene Sorter    
 RGDEnsembl   
      
      

-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0005179 hormone activity

Biological Process:
GO:0006972 hyperosmotic response
GO:0007166 cell surface receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007186 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007267 cell-cell signaling
GO:0007268 chemical synaptic transmission
GO:0007584 response to nutrient
GO:0007586 digestion
GO:0008285 negative regulation of cell proliferation
GO:0008628 hormone-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway
GO:0009408 response to heat
GO:0010243 response to organonitrogen compound
GO:0010447 response to acidic pH
GO:0010469 regulation of receptor activity
GO:0030334 regulation of cell migration
GO:0042493 response to drug
GO:0043200 response to amino acid
GO:0048545 response to steroid hormone

Cellular Component:
GO:0005576 extracellular region
GO:0005615 extracellular space
GO:0043025 neuronal cell body


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  BC032625 - Homo sapiens somatostatin, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:45307 IMAGE:5240781), complete cds.
AK312177 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ92464, Homo sapiens somatostatin (SST), mRNA.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  BioCarta from NCI Cancer Genome Anatomy Project
h_ghrelinPathway - Ghrelin: Regulation of Food Intake and Energy Homeostasis

Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)

Protein P61278 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):

R-HSA-374758 Somatostatin receptors bind somatostatin and cortistatin
R-HSA-749454 The Ligand:GPCR:Gi complex dissociates
R-HSA-749456 Liganded Gi-activating GPCRs bind inactive heterotrimeric G-protein Gi
R-HSA-380073 Liganded Gi-activating GPCR acts as a GEF for Gi
R-HSA-375276 Peptide ligand-binding receptors
R-HSA-418594 G alpha (i) signalling events
R-HSA-373076 Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)
R-HSA-388396 GPCR downstream signalling
R-HSA-500792 GPCR ligand binding
R-HSA-372790 Signaling by GPCR
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: B2R5G3, ENST00000287641.1, ENST00000287641.2, ENST00000287641.3, NM_001048, P01166, P61278, SMS_HUMAN, uc317kni.1, uc317kni.2
UCSC ID: ENST00000287641.4_7
RefSeq Accession: NM_001048.4
Protein: P61278 (aka SMS_HUMAN)

-  Gene Model Information
  Click here for a detailed description of the fields of the table above.

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.