Human Gene SRR (ENST00000344595.10_4) from GENCODE V47lift37
  Description: serine racemase, transcript variant 1 (from RefSeq NM_021947.3)
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000344595.10_4
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000167720.13_13
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg19 chr17:2,207,244-2,228,554 Size: 21,311 Total Exon Count: 8 Strand: +
Coding Region
   Position: hg19 chr17:2,218,855-2,227,167 Size: 8,313 Coding Exon Count: 7 

Page IndexSequence and LinksUniProtKB CommentsPrimersMalaCardsCTD
Gene AllelesRNA-Seq ExpressionMicroarray ExpressionRNA StructureProtein StructureOther Species
GO AnnotationsmRNA DescriptionsPathwaysOther NamesModel InformationMethods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2024-08-22 23:36:26

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr17:2,207,244-2,228,554)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (340 aa)
Gene SorterGenome BrowserOther Species FASTAVisiGeneGene interactionsTable Schema
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UniProtKBWikipediaBioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: SRR_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Serine racemase; EC=4.3.1.17; EC=4.3.1.18; EC=5.1.1.18; AltName: Full=D-serine ammonia-lyase; AltName: Full=D-serine dehydratase; AltName: Full=L-serine ammonia-lyase; AltName: Full=L-serine dehydratase;
FUNCTION: Catalyzes the synthesis of D-serine from L-serine. D- serine is a key coagonist with glutamate at NMDA receptors. Has dehydratase activity towards both L-serine and D-serine.
CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: L-serine = D-serine.
CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: L-serine = pyruvate + NH(3).
CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: D-serine = pyruvate + NH(3).
COFACTOR: Pyridoxal phosphate.
ENZYME REGULATION: Allosterically activated by magnesium, and possibly also other divalent metal cations. Allosterically activated by ATP, ADP or GTP. Competitively inhibited by malonate.
BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: Kinetic parameters: KM=6.5 mM for L-serine;
SUBUNIT: Homodimer.
TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Brain: expressed at high levels in hippocampus and corpus callosum, intermediate levels in substantia nigra and caudate, and low levels in amygdala, thalamus, and subthalamic nuclei. Expressed in heart, skeletal muscle, kidney and liver.
PTM: S-nitrosylated, leading to decrease the enzyme activity (By similarity).
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the serine/threonine dehydratase family.

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

Primer3Plus can design qPCR Primers that straddle exon-exon-junctions, which amplify only cDNA, not genomic DNA.
Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


-  MalaCards Disease Associations
  MalaCards Gene Search: SRR
Diseases sorted by gene-association score: streptococcal meningitis (11), ataxia with isolated vitamin e deficiency (7), serine deficiency (5), schizophrenia (2)

-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene           more ... click here to view the complete list

+  Common Gene Haplotype Alleles
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 4.43 RPKM in Cells - EBV-transformed lymphocytes
Total median expression: 116.89 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

+  Microarray Expression Data
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -28.0072-0.389 Picture PostScript Text
3' UTR -340.401387-0.245 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR000634 - Ser/Thr_deHydtase_PyrdxlP-BS
IPR001926 - Trp_syn_b_sub_like_PLP_eny_SF

Pfam Domains:
PF00291 - Pyridoxal-phosphate dependent enzyme

SCOP Domains:
51735 - NAD(P)-binding Rossmann-fold domains
53383 - PLP-dependent transferases
53686 - Tryptophan synthase beta subunit-like PLP-dependent enzymes

Protein Data Bank (PDB) 3-D Structure
MuPIT help
3L6B - X-ray MuPIT 3L6R - X-ray MuPIT


ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q9GZT4
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The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.

-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
No orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologGenome BrowserGenome Browser
Gene DetailsGene Details Gene DetailsGene DetailsGene Details
Gene SorterGene Sorter Gene SorterGene SorterGene Sorter
 RGDEnsembl WormBaseSGD
    Protein SequenceProtein Sequence
    AlignmentAlignment

-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0000166 nucleotide binding
GO:0000287 magnesium ion binding
GO:0003824 catalytic activity
GO:0003941 L-serine ammonia-lyase activity
GO:0005509 calcium ion binding
GO:0005524 ATP binding
GO:0008721 D-serine ammonia-lyase activity
GO:0016594 glycine binding
GO:0016829 lyase activity
GO:0016853 isomerase activity
GO:0018114 threonine racemase activity
GO:0030165 PDZ domain binding
GO:0030170 pyridoxal phosphate binding
GO:0030378 serine racemase activity
GO:0042803 protein homodimerization activity
GO:0046872 metal ion binding

Biological Process:
GO:0006520 cellular amino acid metabolic process
GO:0006563 L-serine metabolic process
GO:0006564 L-serine biosynthetic process
GO:0007420 brain development
GO:0007568 aging
GO:0008152 metabolic process
GO:0009069 serine family amino acid metabolic process
GO:0014070 response to organic cyclic compound
GO:0032496 response to lipopolysaccharide
GO:0042493 response to drug
GO:0042866 pyruvate biosynthetic process
GO:0043278 response to morphine
GO:0051289 protein homotetramerization
GO:0070178 D-serine metabolic process
GO:0070179 D-serine biosynthetic process

Cellular Component:
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
GO:0043025 neuronal cell body
GO:0045177 apical part of cell


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  AK023169 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ13107 fis, clone NT2RP3002501, weakly similar to THREONINE DEHYDRATASE CATABOLIC (EC 4.2.1.16).
AL834378 - Homo sapiens mRNA; cDNA DKFZp762A2415 (from clone DKFZp762A2415).
CU676379 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100019984 3' read TSR1 mRNA.
JD443789 - Sequence 424813 from Patent EP1572962.
AY743705 - Homo sapiens serine racemase mRNA, partial cds, alternatively spliced.
AY743706 - Homo sapiens serine racemase mRNA, partial cds, alternatively spliced.
AK223120 - Homo sapiens mRNA for serine racemase variant, clone: KAT08924.
BC057234 - Homo sapiens cDNA clone IMAGE:6496415, containing frame-shift errors.
JD538148 - Sequence 519172 from Patent EP1572962.
AY743707 - Homo sapiens serine racemase mRNA, partial cds, alternatively spliced.
AY743708 - Homo sapiens serine racemase mRNA, partial cds, alternatively spliced.
KJ894507 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_03901 SRR gene, encodes complete protein.
BC074728 - Homo sapiens serine racemase, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:103800 IMAGE:30915181), complete cds.
AF169974 - Homo sapiens serine racemase mRNA, complete cds.
AY034081 - Homo sapiens serine racemase mRNA, complete cds.
CR457300 - Homo sapiens full open reading frame cDNA clone RZPDo834B1113D for gene SRR, serine racemase; complete cds, incl. stopcodon.
DQ574515 - Homo sapiens piRNA piR-42627, complete sequence.
DQ590334 - Homo sapiens piRNA piR-57446, complete sequence.
JD563738 - Sequence 544762 from Patent EP1572962.
JD204040 - Sequence 185064 from Patent EP1572962.
DQ600710 - Homo sapiens piRNA piR-38776, complete sequence.
JD552672 - Sequence 533696 from Patent EP1572962.
JD535014 - Sequence 516038 from Patent EP1572962.
JD042520 - Sequence 23544 from Patent EP1572962.
JD355596 - Sequence 336620 from Patent EP1572962.
JD221294 - Sequence 202318 from Patent EP1572962.
JD121340 - Sequence 102364 from Patent EP1572962.
JD501015 - Sequence 482039 from Patent EP1572962.
JD148055 - Sequence 129079 from Patent EP1572962.
DQ592165 - Homo sapiens piRNA piR-59277, complete sequence.
JD207495 - Sequence 188519 from Patent EP1572962.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)

Protein Q9GZT4 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):

R-HSA-9014741 SRR dimer:PXLP deaminates D-Ser
R-HSA-9034539 SRR dimer:PXLP deaminates L-Ser
R-HSA-9014766 SRR dimer:PXLP isomerises L-Ser to D-Ser
R-HSA-977347 Serine biosynthesis
R-HSA-70614 Amino acid synthesis and interconversion (transamination)
R-HSA-71291 Metabolism of nitrogenous molecules
R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: D3DTI5, ENST00000344595.1, ENST00000344595.2, ENST00000344595.3, ENST00000344595.4, ENST00000344595.5, ENST00000344595.6, ENST00000344595.7, ENST00000344595.8, ENST00000344595.9, NM_021947, Q6IA55, Q9GZT4, SRR_HUMAN, uc317wzo.1, uc317wzo.2
UCSC ID: ENST00000344595.10_4
RefSeq Accession: NM_021947.3
Protein: Q9GZT4 (aka SRR_HUMAN)

-  Gene Model Information
  Click here for a detailed description of the fields of the table above.

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.