Human Gene HMGB2 (ENST00000296503.10_7) from GENCODE V47lift37
  Description: high mobility group box 2, transcript variant 1 (from RefSeq NM_002129.4)
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000296503.10_7
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000164104.12_11
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg19 chr4:174,252,527-174,255,509 Size: 2,983 Total Exon Count: 5 Strand: -
Coding Region
   Position: hg19 chr4:174,253,231-174,254,800 Size: 1,570 Coding Exon Count: 4 

Page IndexSequence and LinksUniProtKB CommentsPrimersMalaCardsCTD
Gene AllelesRNA-Seq ExpressionMicroarray ExpressionRNA StructureProtein StructureOther Species
GO AnnotationsmRNA DescriptionsPathwaysOther NamesModel InformationMethods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2024-08-22 23:36:26

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr4:174,252,527-174,255,509)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (209 aa)
Gene SorterGenome BrowserOther Species FASTAVisiGeneGene interactionsTable Schema
AlphaFoldBioGPSEnsemblEntrez GeneExonPrimerGeneCards
HGNCMalacardsMGIOMIMPubMedReactome
UniProtKBWikipediaBioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: HMGB2_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=High mobility group protein B2; AltName: Full=High mobility group protein 2; Short=HMG-2;
FUNCTION: DNA binding proteins that associates with chromatin and has the ability to bend DNA. Binds preferentially single-stranded DNA. Involved in V(D)J recombination by acting as a cofactor of the RAG complex. Acts by stimulating cleavage and RAG protein binding at the 23 bp spacer of conserved recombination signal sequences (RSS) (By similarity).
SUBUNIT: Component of the RAG complex composed of core components RAG1 and RAG2, and associated component HMGB1 or HMGB2 (By similarity). Component of the SET complex, which also contains SET, ANP32A, APEX1 and NME1. Directly interacts with SET.
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Chromosome.
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HMGB family.
SIMILARITY: Contains 2 HMG box DNA-binding domains.

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

Primer3Plus can design qPCR Primers that straddle exon-exon-junctions, which amplify only cDNA, not genomic DNA.
Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


-  MalaCards Disease Associations
  MalaCards Gene Search: HMGB2
Diseases sorted by gene-association score: rheumatoid arthritis, systemic juvenile (1)

-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene           more ... click here to view the complete list

+  Common Gene Haplotype Alleles
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 211.55 RPKM in Cells - EBV-transformed lymphocytes
Total median expression: 1540.99 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

+  Microarray Expression Data
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -37.70107-0.352 Picture PostScript Text
3' UTR -158.80704-0.226 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR017967 - HMG_boxA_CS
IPR009071 - HMG_superfamily

Pfam Domains:
PF00505 - HMG (high mobility group) box
PF09011 - HMG-box domain

SCOP Domains:
48371 - ARM repeat
47095 - HMG-box
46785 - "Winged helix" DNA-binding domain

ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P26583
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The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.

-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
No orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo ortholog
Gene Details     
Gene Sorter     
      
      
      

-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0000400 four-way junction DNA binding
GO:0001158 enhancer sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0003677 DNA binding
GO:0003684 damaged DNA binding
GO:0003690 double-stranded DNA binding
GO:0003697 single-stranded DNA binding
GO:0003700 transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0003723 RNA binding
GO:0005515 protein binding
GO:0008134 transcription factor binding
GO:0008144 drug binding
GO:0008301 DNA binding, bending
GO:0019904 protein domain specific binding
GO:0042056 chemoattractant activity
GO:0044212 transcription regulatory region DNA binding
GO:0044378 non-sequence-specific DNA binding, bending
GO:0050786 RAGE receptor binding
GO:0097100 supercoiled DNA binding

Biological Process:
GO:0001938 positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation
GO:0002376 immune system process
GO:0002437 inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus
GO:0006265 DNA topological change
GO:0006309 apoptotic DNA fragmentation
GO:0006310 DNA recombination
GO:0006325 chromatin organization
GO:0006334 nucleosome assembly
GO:0006351 transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0006355 regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0006357 regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0006935 chemotaxis
GO:0006954 inflammatory response
GO:0007283 spermatogenesis
GO:0007289 spermatid nucleus differentiation
GO:0008584 male gonad development
GO:0010628 positive regulation of gene expression
GO:0010629 negative regulation of gene expression
GO:0032075 positive regulation of nuclease activity
GO:0032392 DNA geometric change
GO:0032496 response to lipopolysaccharide
GO:0032728 positive regulation of interferon-beta production
GO:0033151 V(D)J recombination
GO:0042493 response to drug
GO:0043388 positive regulation of DNA binding
GO:0045087 innate immune response
GO:0045089 positive regulation of innate immune response
GO:0045648 positive regulation of erythrocyte differentiation
GO:0045654 positive regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation
GO:0045892 negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0045893 positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0048545 response to steroid hormone
GO:0050767 regulation of neurogenesis
GO:0050829 defense response to Gram-negative bacterium
GO:0050830 defense response to Gram-positive bacterium
GO:0050918 positive chemotaxis
GO:0051103 DNA ligation involved in DNA repair
GO:0060326 cell chemotaxis
GO:0071222 cellular response to lipopolysaccharide
GO:0072091 regulation of stem cell proliferation
GO:1902042 negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors

Cellular Component:
GO:0000790 nuclear chromatin
GO:0000793 condensed chromosome
GO:0005576 extracellular region
GO:0005615 extracellular space
GO:0005623 cell
GO:0005634 nucleus
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
GO:0005694 chromosome
GO:0005730 nucleolus
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
GO:0032991 macromolecular complex
GO:0048471 perinuclear region of cytoplasm


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  JA482251 - Sequence 234 from Patent WO2011072091.
JE980543 - Sequence 234 from Patent EP2862929.
JA482250 - Sequence 233 from Patent WO2011072091.
JE980542 - Sequence 233 from Patent EP2862929.
JA482249 - Sequence 232 from Patent WO2011072091.
JE980541 - Sequence 232 from Patent EP2862929.
X62534 - H.sapiens HMG-2 mRNA.
Z17240 - Homo sapiens for mRNA encoding HMG2B.
BC001063 - Homo sapiens high-mobility group box 2, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:2393 IMAGE:2963045), complete cds.
BC100019 - Homo sapiens high-mobility group box 2, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:110999 IMAGE:6163784), complete cds.
BC000903 - Homo sapiens high-mobility group box 2, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:2900706).
LF344138 - JP 2014500723-A/151641: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
JD512088 - Sequence 493112 from Patent EP1572962.
LF379451 - JP 2014500723-A/186954: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF344137 - JP 2014500723-A/151640: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
JD073745 - Sequence 54769 from Patent EP1572962.
LF207208 - JP 2014500723-A/14711: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
AK311864 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ92130, Homo sapiens high-mobility group box 2 (HMGB2), mRNA.
BT019782 - Homo sapiens high-mobility group box 2 mRNA, complete cds.
BT019783 - Homo sapiens high-mobility group box 2 mRNA, complete cds.
DQ892288 - Synthetic construct clone IMAGE:100004918; FLH184890.01X; RZPDo839C12146D high-mobility group box 2 (HMGB2) gene, encodes complete protein.
KJ891357 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_00751 HMGB2 gene, encodes complete protein.
DQ895487 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100009947; FLH184886.01L; RZPDo839C12145D high-mobility group box 2 (HMGB2) gene, encodes complete protein.
AB463732 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB7565, Homo sapiens HMGB2 gene for high-mobility group box 2, without stop codon, in Flexi system.
LF379450 - JP 2014500723-A/186953: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF363113 - JP 2014500723-A/170616: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF344136 - JP 2014500723-A/151639: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF363114 - JP 2014500723-A/170617: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF379449 - JP 2014500723-A/186952: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF344135 - JP 2014500723-A/151638: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF363115 - JP 2014500723-A/170618: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF379448 - JP 2014500723-A/186951: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF363116 - JP 2014500723-A/170619: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF379447 - JP 2014500723-A/186950: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF344134 - JP 2014500723-A/151637: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF379446 - JP 2014500723-A/186949: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
JD064342 - Sequence 45366 from Patent EP1572962.
MA579715 - JP 2018138019-A/151641: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA579714 - JP 2018138019-A/151640: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA598690 - JP 2018138019-A/170616: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA579713 - JP 2018138019-A/151639: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA598691 - JP 2018138019-A/170617: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA579712 - JP 2018138019-A/151638: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA598692 - JP 2018138019-A/170618: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA598693 - JP 2018138019-A/170619: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA579711 - JP 2018138019-A/151637: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA615028 - JP 2018138019-A/186954: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA442785 - JP 2018138019-A/14711: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA615027 - JP 2018138019-A/186953: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA615026 - JP 2018138019-A/186952: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA615025 - JP 2018138019-A/186951: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA615024 - JP 2018138019-A/186950: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA615023 - JP 2018138019-A/186949: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  BioCarta from NCI Cancer Genome Anatomy Project
h_DNAfragmentPathway - Apoptotic DNA fragmentation and tissue homeostasis
h_setPathway - Granzyme A mediated Apoptosis Pathway

Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)

Protein P26583 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):

R-HSA-266204 Association of HMGB1/HMGB2 with chromatin
R-HSA-211227 Activation of DNA fragmentation factor
R-HSA-140342 Apoptosis induced DNA fragmentation
R-HSA-75153 Apoptotic execution phase
R-HSA-109581 Apoptosis
R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: B2R4K8, D3DP37, ENST00000296503.1, ENST00000296503.2, ENST00000296503.3, ENST00000296503.4, ENST00000296503.5, ENST00000296503.6, ENST00000296503.7, ENST00000296503.8, ENST00000296503.9, HMG2, HMGB2_HUMAN, NM_002129, P26583, Q5U072, uc317luh.1, uc317luh.2
UCSC ID: ENST00000296503.10_7
RefSeq Accession: NM_002129.4
Protein: P26583 (aka HMGB2_HUMAN)

-  Gene Model Information
  Click here for a detailed description of the fields of the table above.

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.