ID:CASP1_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Caspase-1; Short=CASP-1; EC=3.4.22.36; AltName: Full=Interleukin-1 beta convertase; Short=IL-1BC; AltName: Full=Interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme; Short=ICE; Short=IL-1 beta-converting enzyme; AltName: Full=p45; Contains: RecName: Full=Caspase-1 subunit p20; Contains: RecName: Full=Caspase-1 subunit p10; Flags: Precursor; FUNCTION: Thiol protease that cleaves IL-1 beta between an Asp and an Ala, releasing the mature cytokine which is involved in a variety of inflammatory processes. Important for defense against pathogens. Cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs). Can also promote apoptosis. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Strict requirement for an Asp residue at position P1 and has a preferred cleavage sequence of Tyr-Val-Ala- Asp-|-. ENZYME REGULATION: Specifically inhibited by the cowpox virus Crma protein. SUBUNIT: Heterotetramer that consists of two anti-parallel arranged heterodimers, each one formed by a 20 kDa (p20) and a 10 kDa (p10) subunit. The p20 subunit can also form a heterodimer with the epsilon isoform which then has an inhibitory effect. May be a component of the inflammasome, a protein complex which also includes PYCARD, CARD8 and NALP2 and whose function would be the activation of proinflammatory caspases. Interacts with CARD17/INCA and CARD18. INTERACTION: P09038:FGF2; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-516667, EBI-977447; P01583:IL1A; NbExp=7; IntAct=EBI-516667, EBI-1749782; Q9NPP4:NLRC4; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-516667, EBI-1222527; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in larger amounts in spleen and lung. Detected in liver, heart, small intestine, colon, thymus, prostate, skeletal muscle, peripheral blood leukocytes, kidney and testis. No expression in the brain. PTM: The two subunits are derived from the precursor sequence by an autocatalytic mechanism. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase C14A family. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 CARD domain. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=AAT72297.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended; Sequence=AAT72297.1; Type=Miscellaneous discrepancy; Note=Probable cloning artifact; WEB RESOURCE: Name=Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology; URL="http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/Genes/CASP1ID145ch11q22.html";
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P29466
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
Molecular Function: GO:0004175 endopeptidase activity GO:0004197 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity GO:0005515 protein binding GO:0008233 peptidase activity GO:0008234 cysteine-type peptidase activity GO:0008656 cysteine-type endopeptidase activator activity involved in apoptotic process GO:0016787 hydrolase activity GO:0019900 kinase binding GO:0042802 identical protein binding GO:0050700 CARD domain binding GO:0097153 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process GO:0097200 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in execution phase of apoptosis
Biological Process: GO:0001666 response to hypoxia GO:0006508 proteolysis GO:0006915 apoptotic process GO:0006919 activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process GO:0007165 signal transduction GO:0009617 response to bacterium GO:0010506 regulation of autophagy GO:0016485 protein processing GO:0016540 protein autoprocessing GO:0019221 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway GO:0032496 response to lipopolysaccharide GO:0032611 interleukin-1 beta production GO:0033198 response to ATP GO:0042981 regulation of apoptotic process GO:0043123 positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling GO:0043280 positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process GO:0050715 positive regulation of cytokine secretion GO:0050717 positive regulation of interleukin-1 alpha secretion GO:0050718 positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion GO:0050727 regulation of inflammatory response GO:0051882 mitochondrial depolarization GO:0060081 membrane hyperpolarization GO:0070269 pyroptosis GO:0071222 cellular response to lipopolysaccharide GO:0071260 cellular response to mechanical stimulus GO:0071310 cellular response to organic substance GO:0071345 cellular response to cytokine stimulus GO:0071346 cellular response to interferon-gamma GO:0097300 programmed necrotic cell death GO:1901998 toxin transport GO:1903265 positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway GO:0097194 execution phase of apoptosis
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Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
