ID:KCC2B_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta; Short=CaM kinase II subunit beta; Short=CaMK-II subunit beta; EC=2.7.11.17; FUNCTION: Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that functions autonomously after Ca(2+)/calmodulin-binding and autophosphorylation, and is involved in dendritic spine and synapse formation, neuronal plasticity and regulation of sarcoplamic reticulum Ca(2+) transport in skeletal muscle. In neurons, plays an essential structural role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton during plasticity by binding and bundling actin filaments in a kinase-independent manner. This structural function is required for correct targeting of CaMK2A, which acts downstream of NMDAR to promote dendritic spine and synapse formation and maintain synaptic plasticity which enables long-term potentiation (LTP) and hippocampus-dependent learning. In developing hippocampal neurons, promotes arborization of the dendritic tree and in mature neurons, promotes dendritic remodeling. Participates in the modulation of skeletal muscle function in response to exercise. In slow-twitch muscles, is involved in regulation of sarcoplamic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) transport and in fast-twitch muscle participates in the control of Ca(2+) release from the SR through phosphorylation of triadin, a ryanodine receptor-coupling factor, and phospholamban (PLN/PLB), an endogenous inhibitor of SERCA2A/ATP2A2. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. ENZYME REGULATION: Activated by Ca(2+)/calmodulin. Binding of calmodulin results in conformational change that relieves intrasteric autoinhibition and allows autophosphorylation of Thr- 287 which turns the kinase in a constitutively active form and confers to the kinase a Ca(2+)-independent activity. SUBUNIT: CAMK2 is composed of 4 different chains: alpha (CAMK2A), beta (CAMK2B), gamma (CAMK2G), and delta (CAMK2D). The different isoforms assemble into homo- or heteromultimeric holoenzymes composed of 12 subunits with two hexameric rings stacked one on top of the other. Interacts with SYNGAP1 and CAMK2N2 (By similarity). Interacts with MPDZ. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, centrosome (By similarity). Sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Note=In slow-twitch muscle, evenly distributed between longitudinal SR and junctional SR. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Widely expressed. Expressed in adult and fetal brain. Expression is slightly lower in fetal brain. Expressed in skeletal muscle. INDUCTION: Activity is induced in skeletal muscle during exercise. DOMAIN: The CAMK2 protein kinases contain a unique C-terminal subunit association domain responsible for oligomerization. PTM: Autophosphorylation of Thr-287 following activation by Ca(2+)/calmodulin. Phosphorylation of Thr-287 locks the kinase into an activated state. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CaMK subfamily. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 protein kinase domain. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=AAC99802.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=426, 433, 511, 516;
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
Pfam Domains: PF00069 - Protein kinase domain PF07714 - Protein tyrosine and serine/threonine kinase PF08332 - Calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II association domain PF13474 - SnoaL-like domain PF14534 - Domain of unknown function (DUF4440)
SCOP Domains: 56112 - Protein kinase-like (PK-like) 54427 - NTF2-like
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q13554
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Biological Process: GO:0000165 MAPK cascade GO:0006468 protein phosphorylation GO:0007165 signal transduction GO:0007275 multicellular organism development GO:0007399 nervous system development GO:0010976 positive regulation of neuron projection development GO:0014733 regulation of skeletal muscle adaptation GO:0016310 phosphorylation GO:0018105 peptidyl-serine phosphorylation GO:0018107 peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation GO:0030154 cell differentiation GO:0035556 intracellular signal transduction GO:0046777 protein autophosphorylation GO:0048169 regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity GO:0051823 regulation of synapse structural plasticity GO:0051924 regulation of calcium ion transport GO:0060333 interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway GO:0060998 regulation of dendritic spine development GO:0061003 positive regulation of dendritic spine morphogenesis GO:0090129 positive regulation of synapse maturation
AK290148 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ75317 complete cds, highly similar to Homo sapiens calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) II beta (CAMK2B), transcript variant 2, mRNA. AK294138 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ58056 complete cds, highly similar to Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II beta chain (EC 2.7.11.17). AJ252237 - Homo sapiens mRNA for calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II beta 2 (CaMK II beta 2 gene). AJ252236 - Homo sapiens mRNA for calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II beta 1 (CaMK II beta 1 gene). BC019070 - Homo sapiens calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II beta, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:29528 IMAGE:5014712), complete cds. AK222703 - Homo sapiens mRNA for calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIB isoform 2 variant, clone: CBR08526. AF112471 - Homo sapiens calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II beta subunit mRNA, alternatively spliced, complete cds. AF112472 - Homo sapiens calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II beta subunit mRNA, complete cds. U23460 - Human proline rich calmodulin-dependent protein kinase mRNA, complete cds. AF078803 - Homo sapiens calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II beta subunit mRNA, complete cds. AF081572 - Homo sapiens calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II beta e' subunit (CAMKB) mRNA, complete cds. AF081924 - Homo sapiens calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II beta 6 subunit (CAMKB) mRNA, complete cds. AF083419 - Homo sapiens calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II beta e subunit (CAMKB) mRNA, complete cds. AF140350 - Homo sapiens calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II beta 7 subunit (CAM2) mRNA, complete cds. AM392749 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100002998 for hypothetical protein (CAMK2B gene). AM393817 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100002997 for hypothetical protein (CAMK2B gene). AJ252238 - Homo sapiens mRNA for calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II beta 4 (CaMK II beta 4 gene). AK315663 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ96755, Homo sapiens calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMkinase) II beta (CAMK2B), transcript variant 5, mRNA. KJ905157 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_14563 CAMK2B gene, encodes complete protein. KJ905158 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_14564 CAMK2B gene, encodes complete protein. AM392792 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100002747 for hypothetical protein (CAMK2B gene). AM393562 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100002748 for hypothetical protein (CAMK2B gene). AB462968 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB8435, Homo sapiens CAMK2B gene for calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) II beta, without stop codon, in Flexi system. CU676368 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100019704 5' read CAMK2B mRNA. AB073352 - Homo sapiens primary neuroblastoma cDNA, clone:Nbla00715, full insert sequence. AF131776 - Homo sapiens clone 25048 mRNA sequence. AK091991 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ34672 fis, clone LIVER2001164, highly similar to Human proline rich calmodulin-dependent protein kinase mRNA. AX747297 - Sequence 822 from Patent EP1308459. JD257879 - Sequence 238903 from Patent EP1572962. JD232709 - Sequence 213733 from Patent EP1572962. JD100747 - Sequence 81771 from Patent EP1572962. U50358 - Human calcium, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II beta mRNA, partial cds. JD128981 - Sequence 110005 from Patent EP1572962.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein Q13554 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
