Human Gene ACR (ENST00000216139.10_4) from GENCODE V47lift37
  Description: acrosin (from RefSeq NM_001097.3)
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000216139.10_4
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000100312.11_7
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg19 chr22:51,176,632-51,183,767 Size: 7,136 Total Exon Count: 5 Strand: +
Coding Region
   Position: hg19 chr22:51,176,664-51,183,635 Size: 6,972 Coding Exon Count: 5 

Page IndexSequence and LinksUniProtKB CommentsPrimersMalaCardsCTD
Gene AllelesRNA-Seq ExpressionMicroarray ExpressionRNA StructureProtein StructureOther Species
GO AnnotationsmRNA DescriptionsPathwaysOther NamesModel InformationMethods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2024-08-22 23:36:26

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr22:51,176,632-51,183,767)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (421 aa)
Gene SorterGenome BrowserOther Species FASTAVisiGeneGene interactionsTable Schema
AlphaFoldBioGPSEnsemblEntrez GeneExonPrimerGeneCards
HGNCMalacardsMGIOMIMPubMedReactome
UniProtKBBioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: ACRO_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Acrosin; EC=3.4.21.10; Contains: RecName: Full=Acrosin light chain; Contains: RecName: Full=Acrosin heavy chain; Flags: Precursor;
FUNCTION: Acrosin is the major protease of mammalian spermatozoa. It is a serine protease of trypsin-like cleavage specificity, it is synthesized in a zymogen form, proacrosin and stored in the acrosome.
CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Preferential cleavage: Arg-|-Xaa, Lys-|-Xaa.
ENZYME REGULATION: Inhibited by SERPINA5.
SUBUNIT: Heavy chain (catalytic) and a light chain linked by two disulfide bonds. Forms heterodimer with SERPINA5.
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
SIMILARITY: Contains 1 peptidase S1 domain.

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

Primer3Plus can design qPCR Primers that straddle exon-exon-junctions, which amplify only cDNA, not genomic DNA.
Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


-  MalaCards Disease Associations
  MalaCards Gene Search: ACR
Diseases sorted by gene-association score: male infertility (4), spermatogenic failure 6 (4), pelvic varices (2)

-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene

+  Common Gene Haplotype Alleles
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 75.49 RPKM in Testis
Total median expression: 98.09 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

+  Microarray Expression Data
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -8.5032-0.266 Picture PostScript Text
3' UTR -27.20132-0.206 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR009003 - Pept_cys/ser_Trypsin-like
IPR012267 - Pept_S1A_acrosin
IPR018114 - Peptidase_S1/S6_AS
IPR001254 - Peptidase_S1_S6
IPR001314 - Peptidase_S1A

Pfam Domains:
PF00089 - Trypsin

SCOP Domains:
50494 - Trypsin-like serine proteases

ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P10323
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The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.

-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
No orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo ortholog
Gene DetailsGene Details    
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-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0002020 protease binding
GO:0003677 DNA binding
GO:0004040 amidase activity
GO:0004252 serine-type endopeptidase activity
GO:0005507 copper ion binding
GO:0005515 protein binding
GO:0005537 mannose binding
GO:0008144 drug binding
GO:0008233 peptidase activity
GO:0008236 serine-type peptidase activity
GO:0008270 zinc ion binding
GO:0016787 hydrolase activity
GO:0042806 fucose binding

Biological Process:
GO:0002077 acrosome matrix dispersal
GO:0006508 proteolysis
GO:0007190 activation of adenylate cyclase activity
GO:0007338 single fertilization
GO:0007339 binding of sperm to zona pellucida
GO:0007340 acrosome reaction
GO:0007341 penetration of zona pellucida
GO:0048545 response to steroid hormone

Cellular Component:
GO:0001669 acrosomal vesicle
GO:0005576 extracellular region
GO:0005634 nucleus
GO:0005798 Golgi-associated vesicle
GO:0032991 macromolecular complex
GO:0043159 acrosomal matrix


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  AK310316 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ17358.
Y00970 - Human mRNA for acrosin (EC 3.4.21.10).
CR456366 - Homo sapiens ACR full length open reading frame (ORF) cDNA clone (cDNA clone C22ORF:pGEM.ACR.V3).
AB587466 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB8440, Homo sapiens ACR gene for acrosin, without stop codon, in Flexi system.
CU013221 - Homo sapiens ACR, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:100000001), complete cds, without stop codon, in Gateway system.
BC111593 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:40080550, MGC:133413 ACR protein (ACR) mRNA, encodes complete protein.
CU012933 - Homo sapiens ACR, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:100000097), complete cds, with stop codon, in Gateway system.
JD172933 - Sequence 153957 from Patent EP1572962.
JD151268 - Sequence 132292 from Patent EP1572962.
JD329355 - Sequence 310379 from Patent EP1572962.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)

Protein P10323 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):

R-HSA-1297333 Association of Acrosin Heavy and Light Chain
R-HSA-1297354 Acrosin Cleavage
R-HSA-1300645 Acrosome Reaction
R-HSA-1187000 Fertilization
R-HSA-1474165 Reproduction

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: ACRO_HUMAN, ACRS, ENST00000216139.1, ENST00000216139.2, ENST00000216139.3, ENST00000216139.4, ENST00000216139.5, ENST00000216139.6, ENST00000216139.7, ENST00000216139.8, ENST00000216139.9, NM_001097, P10323, Q6ICK2, uc317cos.1, uc317cos.2
UCSC ID: ENST00000216139.10_4
RefSeq Accession: NM_001097.3
Protein: P10323 (aka ACRO_HUMAN)

-  Gene Model Information
  Click here for a detailed description of the fields of the table above.

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.